Called by a coalition of civil-society groups (the Take-It-Back Movement, Take-It-Back Northern Front, the Nigeria Labour Congress youth wing) in late July 2024, the #EndBadGovernance / #EndHunger protests ran from 1 to 10 August 2024 across all six geopolitical zones, with the heaviest mobilisation in Kano, Kaduna, Borno, Niger, Sokoto, Lagos, Abuja and Rivers.
The protests followed: the 29 May 2023 fuel-subsidy removal which trebled pump prices from N197/litre to N617/litre; the 14 June 2023 naira float which devalued the official rate from N463/$ to over N1,500/$ by mid-2024; headline inflation reaching 34.19% in June 2024 (NBS) — the highest since 1996; and food inflation of 40.87%.
Federal response: the Defence Headquarters deployed troops in twelve states from 4 August; six protesters were shot dead in Kaduna and Kano on 1 August (Amnesty Nigeria documentation); about 1,200 were arrested nationwide; in Abuja the police arrested 119 protesters and charged them with treason for waving Russian flags — a case eventually struck out. The protests subsided after 10 August without securing the policy reversals demanded.
The Tinubu administration's October 2024 'wage award' (N35,000/month for six months) and the eventual N70,000 national minimum wage (29 July 2024) were direct policy responses to the pressure built by the protests.