- 1804–1836 — Kebbi resistance to the Sokoto jihad; running war for three decades.
- 1836 — Battle of Gawakuke. Sokoto's Sultan Bello defeats Kebbi; Sarkin Kebbi Karari killed. Argungu becomes the capital-in-exile.
- 1903 — British WAFF takes Argungu and Birnin Kebbi without resistance.
Kebbi State · Crisis deep dive
Pre-colonial & colonial (pre-1960)
Methodology
Tier 1 · primary
Courts. Gazettes. National archives.
Tier 2 · corroborating
OCCRP. HRW. BudgIT. TheCable.
Tier 4 · tertiary, flagged
Wikipedia only where primary is pending. Always labelled.