Era IV — Buhari II · Tinubu (2015–present) — Jigawa State

2015–2020 — Banditry on the Kazaure–Daura corridor. Kidnappings of farmers and travellers between Kazaure and the Katsina border; Jigawa is the eastern terminus of the wider Zamfara–Katsina banditry economy. ≈ 200 deaths cumulative.Northern Abandonment Cycle
2017 — Cholera outbreak following floods; 35 deaths.
2018 — Lassa fever outbreak in Hadejia; 18 deaths.
2020 — #EndSARS demonstrations at Dutse (Federal University Dutse students); no shootings.Impunity Loop
2021 — Maigatari border raids by ISWAP/JAS factions; Nigerian Army Operation Hadarin Daji reinforced.Northern Abandonment Cycle
September 2022 — Hadejia–Nguru wetlands flooding (release from Tiga and Challawa dams) displaces over 150,000 people; estimated 91 deaths in Jigawa alone; rice and wheat harvest lost across Auyo, Kafin Hausa and Kirikasamma.
2023 — Currency-redesign cash crisis: Jigawa among the worst-hit rural cash-economy states; localised market disturbances at Hadejia and Dutse, no fatalities.Economic Shock Cycle
2024 — End Bad Governance demonstrations (1–10 August): Dutse and Hadejia protests dispersed by tear gas; at least seven killed at Hadejia on 1 August (Amnesty International figures), the largest single recorded protest-deaths event in the state's history.Economic Shock Cycle
2024–2025 — Banditry incursions into Kiri Kasamma and Babura from Zamfara/Katsina; ≈ 60 deaths and 3,000 cattle rustled.Northern Abandonment Cycle Climate-Conflict Escalator