- 2010 onwards — onset of the modern Farmer–Herder Crisis. Fulani pastoral movements south into Tiv and Idoma farmland intensify after the 2009–2010 Sahel drought; first major recorded clashes at Agatu (March 2011), Guma and Logo.Climate-Conflict Escalator
- March 2013 Agatu massacre — c. 50 killed in coordinated dawn attacks across 7 Agatu villages.
Benue State · Crisis deep dive
Yar'Adua / Jonathan (2007–2015)
Methodology
Tier 1 · primary
Courts. Gazettes. National archives.
Tier 2 · corroborating
OCCRP. HRW. BudgIT. TheCable.
Tier 4 · tertiary, flagged
Wikipedia only where primary is pending. Always labelled.