- 1964 Tiv Riots / 'Atem Tyo' (Feb–June 1964). After the disputed 1964 federal election and the marginalisation of J.S. Tarka's UMBC, Tivland erupts in NPC-vs-UMBC violence. Estimated 700+ killed; thousands of NPC houses, party offices and Native Authority buildings burned. The worst pre-Civil-War communal violence in Northern Nigeria.
Benue State · Crisis deep dive
First Republic (1960–1966)
Methodology
Tier 1 · primary
Courts. Gazettes. National archives.
Tier 2 · corroborating
OCCRP. HRW. BudgIT. TheCable.
Tier 4 · tertiary, flagged
Wikipedia only where primary is pending. Always labelled.