Military I / Civil War (1966–1979) — Anambra State

29 May 1966 / September–October 1966 Pogroms — eastern Anambra returnees absorb tens of thousands of Igbo refugees from the North; Nnewi, Nkwerre and Awka become major resettlement points.
Biafran Civil War (6 July 1967 – 15 January 1970) — Anambra is the demographic and military heart of Biafra: – Fall of Onitsha (21 March 1968) — the bloodiest urban battle of the war; federal 2 Division under Col. Murtala Muhammed enters Onitsha after weeks of street fighting; the Onitsha Massacre (Asaba-side, October 1967) had killed an estimated 700 Igbo men in the lead-up. – Abagana Ambush (31 March 1968) — Biafran ambush of a 96-vehicle federal armoured column on the Onitsha–Enugu road; one of the war's largest single-battle federal losses. – Awka, Nnewi, Aguleri — repeatedly contested through the 'Operation OAU' counter-offensive (1969). – Civilian deaths in Anambra and its diaspora during the war are estimated in the hundreds of thousands, predominantly from starvation under the federal blockade.
1970–75 — post-war 'No-Victor-No-Vanquished' resettlement, but the ₦20 flat-rate currency conversion wipes out Anambra savings; the indigenisation decrees (1972, 1977) cut returning Igbo entrepreneurs out of the divestment auctions in Lagos and the North.