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Military ruleevent22 April 1990 — Babangida nearly killed· Chapter 101

The Orkar Coup

Majors Gideon Orkar and Saliba Mukoro led a bloody attempted coup that briefly captured Dodan Barracks and announced the 'excision' of five Northern states from Nigeria. President Babangida escaped through the back gate; 42 plotters were tried and executed.

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In the early hours of 22 April 1990 a faction of mostly junior officers led by Major Gideon Gwaza Orkar (Tiv, Benue) and Major Saliba Mukoro (Urhobo, Delta) attacked Dodan Barracks (then the seat of government), Bonny Camp, the Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria Ikoyi, and the residence of President Ibrahim Babangida. Babangida escaped through a perimeter gate while his ADC Lt-Col U.K. Bello was killed defending him.

Orkar's broadcast on FRCN — the most ideological coup speech in Nigerian history — announced the 'temporary excision' of Sokoto, Borno, Kano, Katsina and Bauchi States from the federation, citing Northern oligarchic capture of national resources. Loyalist forces under Brigadier Sani Abacha retook the city by mid-morning.

42 plotters were tried by Special Military Tribunal under Major-General Ike Nwachukwu and executed by firing squad at Kirikiri Prison on 27 July 1990 — the largest mass execution in Nigerian military history. The coup's failure marked the peak of Babangida's grip on power and the radicalisation of military-officer politics that would culminate in the 1993 annulment and the Abacha years.

Era context

The political and economic reality

The government(s), economy and national reality across the period 1990–1990.

Military President

Gen. Ibrahim Babangida

1985–1993

National reality

Structural Adjustment Programme from 1986 — devaluation of the naira, deregulation, austerity that has, in real terms, never been recovered. Dele Giwa murdered by parcel bomb (1986). Annulled the 12 June 1993 election.

Crises of the period

  • SAP 1986
  • Dele Giwa assassination (1986)
  • Orkar coup attempt (1990)
  • Annulment of June 12, 1993

GDP (World Bank)

$30 bn (1985) → $15 bn (1993, post-SAP devaluation)

Cabinet (selected portfolios)

  • Education

    Prof. A. Babs Fafunwa (1990–92)

  • Finance

    Chu Okongwu; Olu Falae; Kalu Idika Kalu

Sources · Federal Military Government Gazette 1985–93 · CBN

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One article a week. Stories, consorts, records, heroes — on a four-week rotation.

Methodology

Tier 1 · primary

Courts. Gazettes. National archives.

Tier 2 · corroborating

OCCRP. HRW. BudgIT. TheCable.

Tier 4 · tertiary, flagged

Wikipedia only where primary is pending. Always labelled.