The Republic
Ondo State

Ondo State · Sub-category

Origin & Creation

Pre-1500 — Ancient settlement#

Akoko, Akure, Ondo, Owo, Ikale, Ilaje and Apoi Yoruba settle the south-eastern Yoruba forest belt, bordering Benin.

1500 — 1804 — Pre-colonial polities#

Owo under the Olowo is a Yoruba kingdom heavily inflected by Benin court culture (Owo bronzes and ivories combine Ife and Benin styles). Ondo Kingdom (Osemawe lineage, founded by Pupupu, the female founder ♀) emerges in the 16th century.

1804 — 1903 — The long 19th century#

Owo, Akure and Idoani are tributary to Benin until the Sack of Benin (1897). Ekiti–Akoko–Owo are caught in the Kiriji War (1877–93) — the longest Yoruba civil war — see Yoruba Civil Wars.

1900 — 1960 — Colonial provinces#

Ondo Province (1915) within Southern Nigeria, then Western Region.

1960 — present — State creation chain#
  • 1967 — Western State.
  • 3 Feb 1976 — Murtala creates Ondo State (capital Akure), including Ekiti.
  • 1 Oct 1996 — Abacha hives off Ekiti State (capital Ado-Ekiti) from northern Ondo.
Relevant stories#

Figure · When this state was created

Born in 1976

1914
1939
1963
1967
1976
1987
1991
1996
Ondo

Of 37 federating units, 13 were created the same year.

Source · Decree No. 14 (1967); Irikefe Panel (1976); state-creation decrees of 1987, 1991, 1996.

Methodology

Tier 1 · primary

Courts. Gazettes. National archives.

Tier 2 · corroborating

OCCRP. HRW. BudgIT. TheCable.

Tier 4 · tertiary, flagged

Wikipedia only where primary is pending. Always labelled.