The Republic
Federal Budgets

Abacha1995· ₦459.99bn collected · ₦248.77bn spent· Chapter I · Money

Federal fiscal outturn, 1995

The Autonomous Foreign Exchange Market was introduced and the federation recorded a small surplus, the first since 1979. The federation collected ₦459.99bn — 71 per cent of it from oil — and the Federal Government spent ₦248.77bn, closing the year with a surplus of ₦1bn.

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These are actual outturns as later published by the Central Bank, not the figures announced in the budget speech.

• Total federally collected revenue: ₦459.99bn • Gross oil revenue: ₦324.55bn (71%) • Federal Government total expenditure: ₦248.77bn • Recurrent: ₦127.63bn · Capital: ₦121.14bn • Overall balance: +₦1bn

Why revenue and spending do not match simply: 'federally collected revenue' is everything that entered the Federation Account before it was shared with the states and councils, while 'expenditure' is only the Federal Government's own spending. From 1970 to 1985 recurrent spending excludes statutory transfers to the states; from 1992 to 1997 it includes extra-budgetary spending. Naira figures are nominal — the currency lost most of its value after 1986, so later years look larger than they were in real terms.

The Autonomous Foreign Exchange Market was introduced and the federation recorded a small surplus, the first since 1979.

What it cost — political & economic reality

The political and economic reality

Nigeria in 1995: who was in charge, the cabinet of the day, the GDP, and the crises that defined the period.

Head of State · Military

Gen. Sani Abacha

1993–1998

National reality

Most repressive military regime in Nigerian history. Ogoni Nine hanged 10 November 1995 — Nigeria suspended from the Commonwealth. Abiola died in detention 7 July 1998. Abacha died 8 June 1998. Estimated $3–5 billion looted.

Crises of the period

  • Ogoni Nine execution (1995)
  • Commonwealth suspension 1995–99
  • Kudirat Abiola assassination (1996)
  • Abiola death in detention (1998)

GDP (World Bank)

$18 bn (1994) → $33 bn (1998)

Cabinet (selected portfolios)

Full ministerial roster being compiled.

Provisional Ruling Council. Full ministerial roster being compiled.

Sources · HRW Nigeria reports 1994–98 · Oputa Panel Report

Methodology

Tier 1 · primary

Courts. Gazettes. National archives.

Tier 2 · corroborating

OCCRP. HRW. BudgIT. TheCable.

Tier 4 · tertiary, flagged

Wikipedia only where primary is pending. Always labelled.