The Republic
Federal Budgets

Late Colonial1946· ₤55m / 10 years· Chapter I · Money

Ten-Year Plan of Development & Welfare

The first long-range colonial development plan — ₤55m over ten years, of which ₤23m from the UK Colonial Development and Welfare Acts. The fiscal ancestor of every National Development Plan that followed.

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Published in 1945 and approved for implementation 1 April 1946, the Ten-Year Plan of Development and Welfare for Nigeria was the first long-range public-investment programme for the colony. Total envelope: ₤55 million over ten years (1946–1956), of which ₤23 million was grant-in-aid from the UK under the Colonial Development and Welfare Acts 1940 and 1945, and ₤32 million from Nigerian Government revenue and loan-finance.

Key allocations: railways and harbours (₤14.7m), public works and roads (₤8.1m), education (₤7.2m), medical and health (₤6.5m), agriculture (₤3.9m), water supplies (₤2.4m), electricity supply — the foundation of ECN (₤2.1m).

The plan was substantially revised in 1951 after the new Macpherson Constitution gave the regions fiscal autonomy. It is the direct fiscal ancestor of the First National Development Plan 1962–68, the Second (1970–74), and every subsequent national plan. The Iva Valley massacre of 18 November 1949 occurred against the backdrop of this plan's implementation, when colonial police killed 21 striking Enugu coal miners demanding wage parity under the new development envelope (see The Iva Valley massacre).

Figure · Budget breakdown

Ten-Year Plan of Development & Welfare — ₤55m envelope

Allocations as approved 1 April 1946 across the ten-year horizon.

Total: 55 ₤m. Source · Sessional Paper No. 24 of 1945; Colonial Development & Welfare Acts 1940 and 1945.

What it cost — political & economic reality

The political and economic reality

Nigeria in 1946: who was in charge, the cabinet of the day, the GDP, and the crises that defined the period.

British colonial administration

Sir Frederick Lugard → Sir James Robertson

1900–1960

National reality

Amalgamation of the Northern and Southern Protectorates (1914) under indirect rule. Marketing boards extracted cocoa, palm oil and groundnut surpluses; political agitation built through the press and the trade union movement.

Crises of the period

  • Aba Women's War (1929)
  • Iva Valley shooting of striking miners (1949)
  • Kano riots (1953)

GDP (World Bank)

Pre-independence; no national accounts series

Cabinet (selected portfolios)

Full ministerial roster being compiled.

Government administered by Governors-General and Residents. The first indigenous federal ministers were appointed under the 1954 Lyttelton Constitution.

Source · Toyin Falola, A History of Nigeria (CUP, 2008)

Methodology

Tier 1 · primary

Courts. Gazettes. National archives.

Tier 2 · corroborating

OCCRP. HRW. BudgIT. TheCable.

Tier 4 · tertiary, flagged

Wikipedia only where primary is pending. Always labelled.