Commercial1995Military (Abacha / Abubakar)· Cap. F34

Foreign Exchange (Monitoring and Miscellaneous Provisions) Act

Autonomous FX market; Certificate of Capital Importation as evidence of inflow.

Standard citation

Foreign Exchange (Monitoring and Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (Cap. F34), Federal Republic of Nigeria.

The political & economic reality at enactment

The political and economic reality

Nigeria in 1995: who was in charge, the cabinet of the day, the GDP, and the crises that defined the period of this Act's commencement.

Head of State · Military

Gen. Sani Abacha

1993–1998

National reality

Most repressive military regime in Nigerian history. Ogoni Nine hanged 10 November 1995 — Nigeria suspended from the Commonwealth. Abiola died in detention 7 July 1998. Abacha died 8 June 1998. Estimated $3–5 billion looted.

Crises of the period

Ogoni Nine execution (1995)
Commonwealth suspension 1995–99
Kudirat Abiola assassination (1996)
Abiola death in detention (1998)

GDP (World Bank)

$18 bn (1994) → $33 bn (1998)

Cabinet (selected portfolios)

Full ministerial roster being compiled.

Provisional Ruling Council. Full ministerial roster being compiled.

Sources · HRW Nigeria reports 1994–98 · Oputa Panel Report

Methodology

Tier 1 · primary

Courts. Gazettes. National archives.

Tier 2 · corroborating

OCCRP. HRW. BudgIT. TheCable.

Tier 4 · tertiary, flagged

Wikipedia only where primary is pending. Always labelled.