Appropriation Act, 2016

₦6.06 trillion. 'Budget of Change'. Largest nominal jump to that date.

Signed 6 May 2016 after the 'Budget Padding' scandal. ₦6.06tn — a 35% nominal increase. Capital ₦1.59tn (highest as % of total since 2003). Nigeria entered recession in Q2 2016.

Sources

· Appropriation Act 2016

What it cost — political & economic reality

The political and economic reality

Nigeria in 2016: who was in charge, the cabinet of the day, the GDP, and the crises that defined the period.

President · Fourth Republic

Muhammadu Buhari

2015–2023· APC

National reality

Two recessions (2016, 2020). Multiple naira devaluations. ASUU strike of 2022 closed federal universities for ~9 months. End SARS protests (Oct 2020); Lekki Toll Gate incident. Out-of-school children >18 million by 2022.

Crises of the period

2016 recession + FX crisis
End SARS + Lekki Toll Gate (Oct 2020)
COVID-19 lockdown (2020)
9-month ASUU strike (2022)
Naira redesign chaos (Q1 2023)

GDP (World Bank)

$494 bn (2015) → $477 bn (2022)

Cabinet (selected portfolios)

Finance
Kemi Adeosun (2015–18); Zainab Ahmed (2018–23)
Justice (AGF)
Abubakar Malami (SAN)
Education
Mallam Adamu Adamu (2015–23)
Petroleum
Muhammadu Buhari (concurrent); Min. of State Ibe Kachikwu then Timipre Sylva

Source: Federal Gazette 2015–23; CBN; NBS

Methodology

Tier 1 · primary

Courts. Gazettes. National archives.

Tier 2 · corroborating

OCCRP. HRW. BudgIT. TheCable.

Redline

Wikipedia is never a source.